Biu Local Government Area (LGA), headquartered in Biu town, falls under the Borno South Senatorial District. The Biu kingdom became established around 1670 in the reign of Mari Watila Tampta. Biu covers 3,165 square kilometers, with a population of 175,760 (2006 census), projected to reach about 257,500 in 2022, resulting in a population density of 73 people per square kilometer.
The economy is robust, with agriculture playing a major role, alongside trading and local crafts. Biu town is a center of commerce and education in southern Borno, Major crops include maize, millet, and rice. Biu is home to Biu Emirate, Biu Pottery Works, and Federal Polytechnic, Biu. Its postal code is 603101, with approximate geo-coordinates of 10.6114° N latitude and 12.1941° E longitude.